1. Assets (What you own)
2. Liabilities (Debts)
3. Exemptions
Common Inheritance Tax Myths
Myth: The "7 Year Rule" always avoids tax
Reality: Gifts made 7+ years before death are exempt. However, if you die
within 7
years, the gift uses up your tax-free allowance first, potentially leaving less allowance for
your
other assets.
Myth: I can give my house away and still live in it
Reality: This is a "Gift With Reservation". If you live rent-free in a home you
gifted, it still counts as part of your estate for tax purposes. You must pay market-rate rent
to
the new owner to avoid this.
Myth: Spouses always pay tax
Reality: Assets left to a spouse or civil partner are 100% tax-free (Spouse
Exemption). Plus, any unused allowance transfers to the surviving partner, potentially doubling
their allowance to £1 million.
When must Inheritance Tax be paid?
Deadline: Tax must usually be paid by the end of the 6th month after the person
died (e.g., if they die in Jan, pay by 31 July). Interest is charged by HMRC on late payments.
Can I pay in installments?
Yes, for some assets. Tax on "illiquid" assets like property or unquoted shares
can often be paid in 10 annual installments. However, interest is usually charged on the unpaid
balance.
Does Business Property Relief (BPR) apply?
It depends. BPR can reduce tax by 50% or 100% on business assets owned for 2+
years. Note: From April 2026, only the first £1m of business assets are 100% relief; value above
£1m gets 50% relief.